Symbols and Brackets Used in Coding

Here’s are the types of brackets and symbols commonly used in programming languages.

1. Brackets

Symbol	Name	Use Case Examples
( )	Round brackets	Function calls, expressions, control flow if (x)
{ }	Curly brackets	Code blocks { ... }, object literals
[ ]	Square brackets	Arrays arr[0], indexing, lists
< >	Angle brackets	Templates <T>, comparisons x < y, HTML tags

2. Operators and Arithmetic Symbols

Symbol	Name	Use Case Examples
+	Plus	Addition, string concat
-	Minus	Subtraction
*	Asterisk / Star	Multiplication, pointers
/	Slash	Division
%	Modulus	Remainder after division
=	Assignment	Assign value x = 10
==	Equal to (comparison)	if (x == y)
!=	Not equal to	if (x != y)
++	Increment	i++
–	Decrement	i--

3. Logical & Bitwise Operators

Symbol	Name	Use Case Examples
&&	Logical AND	if (x && y)
!	Logical NOT	if (!x)
&	Bitwise AND	x & y
`	`	Bitwise OR
ˆ	Bitwise XOR	x ^ y
~	Bitwise NOT	~x
<<	Bitwise Left Shift	x << 1
>>	Bitwise Right Shift	x >> 1

4. Punctuation & Special Characters

Symbol	Name	Use Case Examples
;	Semicolon	Statement terminator in many languages
:	Colon	Labeling, Python blocks, ternary operator
,	Comma	Parameter separator
.	Dot	Access members obj.method
->	Arrow	Struct pointer access in C/C++, lambda functions
::	Scope resolution	C++ namespace/class resolution
#	Hash	Preprocessor directive in C/C++ (#include)
@	At	Decorators in Python, annotations in Java
$	Dollar sign	Variable prefix in shell, PHP
_	Underscore	Variable naming, constants
\	Backslash	Escape characters (\n, \t)
‘ ‘	Single quotes	Char literals, strings in some languages
“ “	Double quotes	String literals